Predicting the site of distant metastases in breast cancer

Background. Distant organ tumor dissemination is a major cause of breast cancer-related deaths. Breast cancer can metastasize to several organs, and the most frequent metastatic sites include bones, lungs liver. There question what factors influence direction spread cells particular organ. Material Methods. We summarized data available in world literature on methods for prediction localization distant metastases patients. Results. divided associated with into two main groups: clinicopathological parameters patients molecular features microenvironment (primary circulating cells) or its derivates – exosomes. From our point view, powerful factor predicting metastasis site subtype primary tumor. conclude that luminal (HR+/HER2-) tumors are often characterized by single bones common site, while TNBC HER2-enriched multiple sites, commonly brain However, authors did not reveal these associations their studies. It likely indicates existence other significantly affect organotropism metastasis. Numerous studies demonstrate association different molecules expressed organotropic very fragmentary rather contradictory. Conclusion. The found all participants cascade, but remains unclear which essential crucial determining